01 - Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a 12-cup muffin tin with cupcake liners.
02 - In a medium bowl, whisk together the all-purpose flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt until evenly distributed.
03 - In a large bowl, beat the softened butter and granulated sugar with an electric mixer until pale, light, and fluffy, approximately 2 to 3 minutes.
04 - Add the eggs one at a time, beating thoroughly after each addition. Stir in the lemon zest, freshly squeezed lemon juice, and vanilla extract until well blended.
05 - Alternately add the dry ingredient mixture and the whole milk to the butter mixture, beginning and ending with the dry ingredients. Mix until just combined; avoid overmixing.
06 - Divide the batter evenly among the prepared cupcake liners, filling each approximately three-quarters full.
07 - Bake for 16 to 18 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center of a cupcake comes out clean. Let the cupcakes rest in the tin for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.
08 - Beat the softened butter with an electric mixer until smooth and creamy. Gradually add the sifted powdered sugar on low speed, then mix in the strawberry puree, vanilla extract, and a pinch of salt. Increase the speed and beat until light and fluffy, scraping down the bowl as needed. If the frosting is too soft, refrigerate for 10 minutes before piping.
09 - Spread or pipe the strawberry frosting generously onto the fully cooled cupcakes. Garnish each with a halved fresh strawberry and a sprinkle of lemon zest, if desired.